For academics and researchers, which of the following safety data sets typically have very low levels of accessibility?

Injury surveillance and driver history data sets often have very low levels of accessibility due to privacy concerns and regulations surrounding personal information. These data sets contain sensitive information about individuals, including their medical histories and driving records, which are protected under laws such as HIPAA in the United States. Researchers and academics typically face significant barriers when trying to access this information for studies, as it often requires extensive permissions, anonymization processes, and compliance with strict data protection policies.

In contrast, while crash data and conflict information, road characteristics, and traffic volumes may have restrictions, they are generally more accessible to researchers. Crash data often comes from governmental sources and may be de-identified to protect individual privacy, while road characteristics and traffic volumes are usually collected for public safety and can be part of open government data initiatives.